According to the Water Industry Operators Association of Australia, the disinfection of water (whether potable or recycled) using chemical disinfectants like chlorine or chloramine requires adequate time for the chemicals to effectively react with and neutralize microbial pathogens. The actual contact time is often shorter than initially expected.
Many water utilities rely on a target-free or total chlorine residual in their treatment systems, believing this ensures sufficient disinfection. However, this disinfection method can typically be enhanced in most cases.
Corrosion is a natural process driven by chemistry, metallurgy, and electricity. During the smelting and refining of iron ore, energy imbalances are created, which trigger corrosion. For corrosion to occur, three elements must be present: a metal, an electrolyte, and oxygen. The degree of corrosion on the exterior of water storage solutions varies significantly depending on atmospheric conditions.
Many water utilities adopt a target-free or total chlorine residual strategy in their treatment systems to ensure what they believe to be an adequate level of disinfection. While this approach has been widely used, there is room for improvement in most cases. The effectiveness of chlorine-based disinfectants can be influenced by various factors, including water temperature, pH levels, and the presence of organic matter. It’s essential to consider these variables to optimize the disinfection process and enhance water safety.
To improve disinfection practices, water utilities should conduct thorough assessments of their treatment systems. This includes evaluating the distribution of disinfectants, monitoring water quality parameters, and understanding the specific characteristics of the water source. By identifying and addressing potential challenges, utilities can enhance the overall efficiency of their disinfection processes.
The interior and exterior corrosion of potable water storage solutions can be effectively controlled by using protective coatings and cathodic protection. Coatings are the accepted method for protecting the tank’s exterior, creating a barrier against chemical compounds and moisture.
